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Two Lives Collide - Ramadan and Athletics

Sanna looks to celebrate goals, assists and faith in August

 The good news is that here in America we aren't idiots. OK, we are, and can be, but about Ramadan and sports we aren't the guy who runs Lazio (Claudio Lotito) who said this last year -

"I respect religious freedom and the ways that it is expressed," Claudio Lotito told reporters after a meeting of Serie A officials in Milan. "But I try to prevent things that can slow down training and the playing of matches. I've never bought players that have this problem."

Jose Morinho pulled a player because he thought Muntari had lost fitness due to his observance of Ramadan. Which may be true, or it could have just been because it was the first match of the year.

What we here in Seattle know is that Sanna Nyassi will not be fully observant of Ramadan's Fasting, because he feels that it affected his performance last year. The psychological impact it had on Sanna is apparent.

Star-divide

He consulted his spiritual advisors, and they have granted him leniency. This usually means that the person will make up fasting time when appropriate. But is it really necessary for this, or is it an attempt by someone from another cultural system trying to assimilate?

Ayesha Abdeen, 26

CEO, Muslim Women's Sport Foundation, from London

"I adhere to everything, fasting from dawn until dusk. It is quite a long day, hard at the beginning, but the benefits always outweigh the difficulties. It is one month of being disciplined and a reminder, especially for those who are always busy, of our surroundings and those less fortunate. It is a month where everybody gets together, we visit friends and family. There is a sense of community."

Ayesha was a part of Ramadan and Me in the Independent. With Britain's nearly 2 million Muslims, the EPL's activity in Africa and Asia, and the start of the season there will likely be more written on Ramadan and athletics.

One of the common misunderstandings about the Ramadan Fast is that it does not necessarily change caloric intake. What it does do is change the circadian rhythm of the body, as eating and drinking are only allowed when the sun is down. Due to this there is generally a loss of sleep, particularly in the West as we do not typically accept midday naps.

Would midday naps really help?

One study concludes, likely yes.

In summary, fasting, partial sleep deprivation, and feelings of fatigue during the practice of Ramadan in France induced a decrease in the aerobic capacity and favoured proinflammatory biological responses in middle-distance runners who maintained usual competitive training. Muslim athletes should be aware that prolonged carbohydrate intake and (or) reduction of work load and daytime napping have been shown to increase performance and to decrease the proinflammatory IL-6 response (Kubukeli et al. 2002, Scharhag et al. 2006, Vgontzas et al. 2007).

That study noted that the largest impact was after Day 21 of Ramadan, and lasted about one week after it concludes. In fact the first week showed little to no impact.

Why am I so fascinated with a studious approach to Ramadan? Besides just being a geek that likes studies?

The answer is two-fold - Hakeem Olajawon won the Player of the Month in the NBA while observing Ramadan and I just happen to like these rare opportunities when my first career (Arabic Linguist and Near Eastern Cultures Major) intersect with this passion for sport that I still maintain.

If Sanna feels that differing observance is best for him - GREAT. Is it necessary? Probably not. But as in most athletic endeavors individual psychology can be as important as anything else.

Comment 17 comments  |  2 recs  | 

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This is a really interesting topic.

I know Kei Kamara here in KC said he wouldn’t be observing it either. I just wonder the amount of judgment athletes face back home when they choose not to observe. Surely friends and family understand…right?

"Not to be cliché or anything, but I’m Jayhawk born and Jayhawk bred and when I die I’ll be Jayhawk dead." - Ovechwin

by Andy Edwards on Aug 12, 2010 8:34 PM PDT reply actions  

I actually follow Qatari and Kuwaiti soccer

It isn’t as if the non-Muslims run all over the league when Ramadan overlaps their seasons.

But for the most part the friends and families would understand, though it is also a huge gain when an observant player succeeds.

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by Dave Clark on Aug 12, 2010 8:39 PM PDT up reply actions  

Interesting article

I always thought Ramadan affected the amount people ate. Interesting that that isn’t the case. Great read – thanks for writing this.

by Nevtelen on Aug 12, 2010 8:45 PM PDT reply actions  

I would think water would be the hard part

I can’t imagine training for two hours in the morning and not being able to take a drink until the sun goes down.

by bauckus on Aug 12, 2010 9:48 PM PDT reply actions  

I had just seen an article about one of our former athletes

Husain Abdullah, now a cornerback for the Baltimore Ravens, adheres to Ramadan during arguably the toughest part of the NFL season: training camp. I’m in awe that it’s possible to survive camp and two-a-days without food or water, but it sounds like they’ve figured out how to manage it all.

by Brian Floyd on Aug 12, 2010 10:49 PM PDT reply actions  

His Brother Hamda did the same

While he was on the Broncos, and I loved the guy, but it obviously affected his performance. He would start out very strong, and then pretty much disappear because his performance suffered. I’m pretty sure it’s why he was cut from the team, because he was the only bright spot in a bad safety group for part of the season a few years ago (’07 I believe).

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by studbucket on Aug 13, 2010 8:56 AM PDT up reply actions  

Psychological side is fascinating

I wonder if Muslim athletes are burdened by the perceptions of their coaches more than anything else. If the coach has the idea that Ramadan means barely eating (and thus not having the caloric base to produce the energy required to play anything that well), then even the most sensitive coach will think “OK, I won’t hold this against the player, but if his performance drops, I’ll have to move him to the bench for the time being.”

My point is that Muslim players might be looking to delay or change their Ramadan observance for two less-obvious reasons. First, they may be convinced by coaches that fasting will impact their play, even though the coach may have no experience with the matter (and may not even fully understand what Ramadan involves). Second, the player may be well aware that perceptions about Ramadan differ from reality, but he or she may conclude that changing their observance will reassure the coach, thus not endangering their status within the team.

As for the study you’re quoting from, Dave, it matches my friend’s experience. A buddy of mine is married to an observant Muslim, and in an effort to help her get through Ramadan he joins her in fasting. I should note that he’s very big into fitness (works at a gym, coaches lifters and also competes in Olympic lifting). A few years ago, fasting made him fairly miserable, but he says that the difference came when he found a way to fit naps into his schedule. Granted, for most of that time he’s been a full-time student (and even when he was working full time, he convinced them to give him 2 hours off the clock at mid-day to sleep on his office floor). Now, he fasts with only a small difference in performance towards the end of the month.

His way won’t work for most people, because most people aren’t grad students that somehow convince the boss to let them sleep at work. However, for Nyassi (and other soccer players), your daily schedule probably allows plenty of time to nap. People tend to undervalue sleep in general, but there’s a reason so many MLS players talk about sleeping 8-9 hours and still napping here and there on top of that.

by ChestRockwell on Aug 13, 2010 9:32 AM PDT reply actions   1 recs

I'm guessing you're right

I think this has a lot to do with perception. I also think Sanna is sensitive to that and probably believed his career was hurt last year. Whether he believes fasting hurt his performance, I think he believes his coaches thought it did and as a 21-year-old still trying to make a living for himself, I’m sure that was a big part of his decision.

Because if it's not Love | Then it's the bomb ... | That will bring us together

by Jeremiah Oshan on Aug 13, 2010 9:36 AM PDT up reply actions  

Perception Changes

Thanks for the article. It certainly changed my perception of the Ramadan experience and what it means for professional athletes. It also seems, based on the recent quote by Sigi, that the coaching staff were the first to reach out to Nyassi about fasting during Ramadan.

by Dizzo on Aug 13, 2010 9:45 AM PDT up reply actions  

The Quote

“This year we posed the question to him early and we said, ’Let’s check this out and make sure this is OK,’ " said Schmid. "We said, ‘We don’t want to impact or hinder your religious beliefs in any way or do anything that you would feel uncomfortable with.’ "

http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/sounders/2012610473_sounders14.html

It sounds like Sigi came to him first and put a little pressure on him to talk to his Imam about fasting. To be fair, whatever Nyassi did last year certainly affected his performance. In the same interview Nyassi admits to losing weight during Ramadan last year.

by Dizzo on Aug 13, 2010 9:49 AM PDT up reply actions  

Yeah, and I think that's what Sigi was getting at in talking to him

I don’t think he was saying “don’t do it”, but instead was saying if you’re going to do it, let’s figure out how to best make it work so it doesn’t affect your performance.

by Brian Floyd on Aug 13, 2010 12:07 PM PDT up reply actions  

Muslims in the arctic circle

Do they cram all their eating into a small 1 hour window when the sun goes down?

by lysander on Aug 13, 2010 4:58 PM PDT reply actions  

What's wrong with...

…not signing players that hurt your team?

If a guy’s religious beliefs prevented him from kicking a soccer ball on Tuesdays, would you sign him? How about if it were Tuesdays through Fridays?

The point here is that Lotito isn’t saying “I won’t sign Muslims”. He doesn’t care about that. He cares about building a soccer team, and so if a guy “has that problem” (ie, fasts) then he isn’t going to sign him.

I’m all for religious diversity and respecting people’s choices. Hell, I’m a member of a decidedly minority religion myself!

The reality, though, is if you’re a guy who already only weighs 145 pounds (like Sanna) and you lose 7 or 8 pounds? You’re going to be weak. This is a guy who starts with pretty low body fat already, so if he lost that much weight, you have to figure it’s mostly muscle mass.

Add to that the dehydration problems and how much his training will be hampered, and I think there’s a perfectly good argument that a fasting player will almost certainly not perform as well as he could if he weren’t fasting.

Yes, yes, they can eat, just that it has to be after sundown… we’re pretty far north here. That makes for shorter nights and longer daytimes. Ramadan moves through the year, too, since it’s a lunar deal; by 2015 Ramadan will start on June 18th. End result: Not a lot of time for eating.

I believe that the likelihood of a fasting player losing some ability is high enough that for a club to not sign fasting players (for whatever reason) is perfectly acceptable. It’s not as though they’re saying “we don’t sign black dudes”; they’re saying “we don’t sign guys who have a high chance of being unable to perform their job”.

If that makes me an idiot, so be it, but I wouldn’t expect someone to sign a player who hurts his own career on a regular basis.

by Blue Eyed Buddhist on Aug 14, 2010 2:27 AM PDT reply actions  

Well, experts seem to agree

Somehow many managers in many sports figure out a way to effectively use Muslim players during Ramadan. Lotito is definitely entitled to his opinion, but it doesn’t seem far-fetched to believe that his desire not to sign muslims goes beyond issues with fasting. It sounds like Nyassi’s problem had more to do with how he fasted than his decision to fast.

Because if it's not Love | Then it's the bomb ... | That will bring us together

by Jeremiah Oshan on Aug 14, 2010 8:02 AM PDT up reply actions  

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